Which term refers to a statement that can be proved?

The term referring to a statement that can be proved is "fact." A fact is an assertion that can be verified through observation, experimentation, or reliable evidence. In scientific research and inquiry, facts are often derived from empirical data and established through rigorous testing and validation. They stand independently of personal beliefs or interpretations and are universally accepted as true based on present evidence.

In contrast, an assumption is a belief accepted without proof, a theory represents a well-substantiated explanation based on a body of evidence but is not a single provable statement, and an opinion is a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty. Thus, recognizing the distinction of a fact as a provable statement is essential in scientific discourse and understanding the nature of knowledge.