Which type of mutation does not result in a change to the amino acid sequence?

A silent mutation is a type of mutation that does not result in a change to the amino acid sequence of a protein. This occurs because the genetic code is degenerate; multiple codons can code for the same amino acid. For instance, a change in the DNA sequence might alter a codon from one form to another, but still code for the same amino acid, leaving the protein's structure and function unchanged.

In contrast, a missense mutation causes a change in a single amino acid in a protein, which can affect the protein's function. A nonsense mutation creates a premature stop codon, leading to an incomplete and typically nonfunctional protein. Base substitution mutations can include both missense and silent mutations, depending on whether the change in the nucleotide sequence results in a different or the same amino acid. This is why silent mutations are distinguished by their ability to maintain the original amino acid sequence despite changes in the DNA.